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Sebaceous hyperplasia is a disorder of the sebaceous glands in which they become enlarged. The symptoms of this condition are 1-5 mm papules on the skin, mainly on the forehead, nose and cheeks, and sebarrhoeic facial skin. The papules may be cauliflower -shaped. In Sebaceous hyperplasia the patient develops yellowish growth on the face. Acne is also a symptom of this glandular disorder. Sebaceous hyperplasia is a skin disease which generally affects the youth but it can affect people of any age. Sebaceous hyperplasia appears as small yellow bumps up to 3 mm in diameter. There are often prominent blood vessels. Sebaceous hyperplasia is the term used for enlarged sebaceous glands seen on the forehead or cheeks of the middle-aged and elderly. Lesions can be single or multiple and present as slightly white, flesh or yellow colored, small papules on the face, particularly the nose, cheeks and forehead. Sebaceous gland hyperplasia is a harmless condition that is only a cosmetic concern. It differs from the type of acne that affects adolescents and young adults, in that it is more of an abnormally discolored patch that is not cured by topical treatments alone.
Sebaceous hyperplasias are harmless, will not go away on their own, and do not require any treatment. They are treated strictly for cosmetic reasons. Sebaceous hyperplasia can be difficult to clinically differentiate from basal cell carcinoma. Often multiple lesions which are similar are present. Sebaceous glands are highly androgen sensitive, and, although the number of sebaceous glands remains approximately the same throughout life, their activity and size vary according to age and circulating hormone levels. The sebaceous glands, as well as the sweat glands, account for the vast majority of androgen metabolism in the skin. Sebaceous hyperplasia is known to cause some embarrassment to the people that do contract it. They do not like to be seen in public some of the time and they would rather wish that the medication that they receive would just start to take immediate effect. But some people will still do what they used to do and they will not let this affect their day to day lives. Fortunately, the appearance of this condition can be improved by removing the portion of the oil gland that has to the surface. Tretinoin cream or gel used daily will reverse the condition slowly overtime and also help keep the condition from worsening.
Causes of Sebaceous hyperplasia
The exact cause of Sebaceous hyperplasia is not known. Sebaceous hyperplasia can be difficult to clinically differentiate from basal cell carcinoma. Often multiple lesions which are similar are present. Sebaceous hyperplasia is not contagious. Sebaceous hyperplasia is thought to be caused by a decrease in the circulating levels of androgen associated with aging. Ultraviolet radiation is considered only a cofactor, because sebaceous hyperplasia occasionally occurs on areas of the body where sunlight is not a relevant issue, including the buccal mucosa, areolae, and vulva.
Common causes and risk factors of Sebaceous hyperplasia:
- A history of contracting Sebaceous hyperplasia.
- Exposure to sun.
- A widened sebaceous duct.
- Contagious.
- An increased number of basal cells.
Signs and Symptoms of Sebaceous hyperplasia
The patient will start to notice yellow small growths. This skin disease shows that the patient has an overgrowth of some of the glands on their face. Sebaceous hyperplasia appears as small yellow bumps up to 3 mm in diameter. Commonly it is seen in the face as yellowish or yellowish white raised papules with central depression. They do not like to be seen in public some of the time and they would rather wish that the medication that they receive would just start to take immediate effect.
Sign and symptoms may include the following :
- Enlargement of the sebaceous gland.
- Acne.
- Yellowish white raised papules.
- Dryness, of the hairs.
Treatment for Sebaceous hyperplasia
Sebaceous hyperplasia is does not require any treatment. Individual lesions may be removed by light cautery, diathermy or laser vaporization. Intense pulsed light also known as photo-facial, fotofacials, and photo rejuvenation is a state of-the art system and the latest technique in photofacial therapy. This removes the unwanted tissue while it spares or avoids the surrounding healthy or "normal" tissue. Tretinoin cream or gel used daily will reverse the condition slowly overtime and also help keep the condition from worsening. Accutane will reverse sebaceous hyperplasia, but new lesions will develop after stopping the medication unless you also use tretinoin cream regularly.
Treatment may include:
- Therapeutic treatments include photodynamic therapy, cryotherapy, cauterization or electro desiccation, topical chemical treatments are very effective remedies for sebaceous hyperplasia.
- Oral isotretinoin are also effective in clearing some lesions after 2-6 weeks of treatment.
- Accutane it is a powerfull drug and is very effective in curing this disease.
- Cosmetic procedures including minor surgery and liquid nitrogen freezing are also helpful.
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