Down Syndrome - Causes, Symptoms and Treatment

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Down syndrome Patients have decreased buffering of physiologic reactions. Down syndrome affects kids' cognitive abilities in different ways. Kids with Down syndrome tend to share certain physical features such as a flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small ears, a single crease across the center of the palms, and an enlarged tongue. Cognitive development in children with Down syndrome is quite variable. It is not possible at birth to predict their capabilities, nor are the number or appearance of physical features predictive of future ability. Down syndrome can be diagnosed prenatally with amniocentesis, percutaneous umbilical blood sampling (PUBS), chorionic villus sampling (CVS), and extraction of fetal cells from the maternal circulation. In adulthood, many persons with Down syndrome hold jobs, live independently and enjoy recreational opportunities in their communities. Special education and training is offered in most communities for children with delays in mental development. Speech therapy may help improve language skills. Physical therapy may be needed to teach movement skills. Surgical treatment for Down Syndrome can be cosmetic or medical in nature.

Causes of Down Syndrome

Common Causes and Risk factors of Down Syndrome

• Maternal nondisjunction.
• Trisomy 21.
• Mosaic Down syndrome.
• Translocation Down syndrome

Signs and Symptoms of Down Syndrome

Common Sign and Symptoms of Down Syndrome

• Congenital heart disease.
• Hearing problems.
• Intestinal problems.
• Celiac disease.
• Eye problems, such as cataracts.
• Thyroid dysfunctions.
• Skeletal problems.

Treatment for Down Syndrome

Common Treatment for Down Syndrome

• Medicines can help with infections.
• Surgery can correct heart, stomach, and intestinal problems. Surgical treatment for Down Syndrome can be cosmetic or medical in nature.
• Special education and training is offered in most communities for mentally handicapped children.
• Grooming and hygiene is help your child learn the importance of being clean.
• A registered dietitian can provide guidance with meal planning and offer helpful diet strategies for your child.
• Treatment of down syndrome in mice restores nerve growth in cerebellum.